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Alimentary Canal

Alimentary Canal
Accessory Organs
Excretory System

The four major levels of the alimentary canal are the mucosa, submucosa, musculanis externa, and the serosa.

  • The mucosa is the inside layer and is a simple columnar epithelium

  • The submucosa is beneath the mucosa, is soft connective tissue, and has blood vessels, nerve endings, and lymph structures. 

  • The musculanis externa is circular and longitudinal smooth muscles.

  • The serosa is the single and outermost llevel of fluid producing cells.

tongue

soft palate

Hard palate

glottis

epiglottis

Glottis is the opening in the epiglottis

Many things occur in the oral cavity.

  • Amylase is an enzyme that starts to break down carbs.

  • The tongue mixes food and salivia.

  • these are mechanical and chemical digestion.

Peristaltic Wave in the Gastric Antrum

Esophagus

Greater Cutvature
Lesser Curvature
Body
Pyloric region

Neutralizes stomach acid and coats chyme bolus with mucous

Specific nutrient absorption

Final absorption

Messentery

Fundus
rugae
cardioesophageal sphincter
pyloric sphincter
rugae
Gastric juice contains HCl, Pepsin, and Rennix.
HCl activates enzymes, pepsin is an enzyme that digests most proteins, and rennix digests milk proteins.
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